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Two supplementary methods of constructing density gradient columns are described. Formulas are derived for calculating the composition and mass of each of the two liquids used for the construction of a column with a given volume and a desired measuring range. The density of each layer of a column consisting of ideal or nonideal liquids can be accurately predicted. The persistance of a column is dependent on its length and diffusion coefficient, and can be approximately calculated by means of a formula derived from Fick's second law.
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Jan M. H. Fortuin (1960) studied this question.
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