Fundamental study of thermal stress generation during welding heat cycles. Studies on numerical simulation of temperature, microstructure and thermal stress histories during welding, and their application to welded structures

During mechanical processing with input of heat, for example that generated by welding, thermal deformation and residual stress necessarily arise. Welding distortion not only substantially impairs engineering accuracy, but may also affect important features such as the buckling performance of welded structures. The presence of residual stress strongly affects features such as brittle fracture, buckling, fatigue, stress corrosion cracking, etc, and the development of suitable procedures for evaluation of welding distortion and residual stress is an important practical problem routinely facing welding technologists.