A DC grid benchmark model can provide a common reference and study platform for researchers to compare the performance and characteristics of different DC control functions and protection strategies. It can also provide reference cases for testing simulators and digital programs. This paper presents a DC grid benchmark model for system studies of the interconnection of two AC power systems. The topology, configuration and functions of the benchmark model are described in detail. The basic system data of the model for load flow studies are provided. Finally, load flow simulation studies with PEE/S program for the model are undertaken and the corresponding results under three operating conditions are presented and analyzed in the paper. The load flow results confirm the steady-state operations of the benchmark model.
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An et al. (2015) studied this question.