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The synthesis of (±)-crispine A in 9 steps and 24% overall yield was achieved using a nitrosoalkene hetero-Diels-Alder addition to ethyl vinyl ether as the key step. The synthesis starts from commercial 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetic acid and uses simple methods, easily accessible materials and inexpensive reagents. An isochroman derivative was unexpectedly formed in an attempted reduction of a dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazine intermediate.
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Gallos et al. (2010) studied this question.
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