Flood and Irrigation Map using geographic Information System (GIS) (A Case Study of Ido Catchment Area)

Water resources issues and problems in the world's developing countries, or lesser developed countries present special management challenges.These issues and problems include inadequate drinking-water supply, lack of sanitation facilities, water pollution, floods, the siltation of river systems and the management of rivers and large dams.These problems are more severe and widespread in the developing countries (Bartram, 2012).Modern method of irrigation system compensates disadvantages of traditional methods and thus helps in the proper way of water usage.The modern method involves two systems: Sprinkler system, and Drip system.A sprinkler system as its name suggests sprinkles water over the crop and helps in an even distribution of water.This method is much advisable in areas facing water scarcity.This method can also be used in regions where water availability is less (Byjus, 2017).Irrigated engineering construction and agricultural works generally uses large volume of water.Water resources limitations caused the water supply to become a critical issue in recent years.Thus, it is important to improve water management practices to save water for expanded engineering Abstract: Water resources issues and problems in the world's developing countries, or lesser developed countries present special management challenges.Irrigation is one of the most important inputs for an efficient and sustainable Industrial, and agricultural production.Irrigation management in the most projects so far has been essentially water supply based.The dynamics of general water demands are not explicitly considered.Consequently, irrigation systems do not supply the right quantities of water at the right time.The assessment of management strategies requires the analysis of the current irrigation and drainage system and prediction of the potential changes to various parameters.Several layers of map information such as: The Topographical map shows the physiographical features of the catchment area .The Digital Elevation Measurement (DEM) shows the elevations of the catchment area ranging between 86m-276m respectively indicating areas of low and high elevations within the catchment cardinals , Flow Direction, Flood-Plain, Study Area, and land-use map.The Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) shows region of high and low elevations in coloration , and The Irrigation suitability Zone maps shows that areas of low elevations are more suitable for irrigation system work, and similarly prone to flooding which are of notable height range between 86-100m, 100-120m, 120-140m, 140-160m, and 160-180m, and areas that are advised for industrialization of notable high elevations ranges from 180-200m, 200-220m, 220-240m, 240-260m, 260-276m.Some of the areas that are most suitable for mounting irrigation system in IdoCatchment area due to their ability to conserve water are Ogbontosa, bale, beko,jakaetc and these areas mentioned are as well prone to flood disasters.It is therefore recommended that: The identified surface irrigation potential of the river catchment in the study area can assist in policy decisions during a development of irrigation project and Communities should be strongly discouraged from settling within the flood plains.