Molecular signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus: distinction between disease flare and infection

All SLE subjects were aged ≥18 years and fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for SLE. 8 All subjects in the acutely ill SLE group were recruited from SLE subjects presenting to the hospital with acute illness.Specific signs and symptoms of acute illness were not specified as there is potential infinite diversity of signs and symptoms in patients with SLE with an acute change in clinical status warranting emergency evaluation in a hospital setting.