Long non-coding RNA HAND2-AS1 downregulation predicts poor survival of patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy

Figures

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  Figure 1.. Plasma IGF-1 and lncRNA HAND2-AS1 were downregulated in end-stage DCM patients compared with healthy controls. Plasma levels of HAND2-AS1 and IGF-1 were measured by ELISA and RT-qPCR, respectively, and differences were analyzed by the unpaired t test. Compared with healthy controls, end-stage DCM patients had significantly reduced HAND2-AS1 (a) and IGF-1(b) levels (*, P<0.05).

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  Figure 2.. Downregulated plasma lncRNA HAND2-AS1 and IGF-1 separated end-stage DCM patients from healthy controls. ROC curve analysis was performed using end-stage DCM patients as true positive cases and healthy controls as true negative cases. Downregulated plasma lncRNA HAND2-AS1 (a) and IGF-1 (b) separated end-stage DCM patients from healthy controls.

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  Figure 3.. Plasma levels of IGF-1 and lncRNA HAND2-AS1 were positively correlated in end-stage DCM patients but not in healthy controls. Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed that plasma levels of IGF-1 and lncRNA HAND2-AS1 were positively correlated in end-stage DCM patients (a) but not in healthy controls (b).

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  Figure 4.. Low levels of lncRNA HAND2-AS1 and IGF-1 were significantly correlated with poor survival. Plasma levels of IGF-1 and lncRNA HAND2-AS1 as measured by ELISA and RT-qPCR were analyzed by the unpaired t test. Patients who survived the follow-up period (n=22) had significantly higher levels of HAND2-AS1 (a) and IGF-1 (b) than those who died (n=26) (*, P<0.04). Survival analysis showed that low levels of lncRNA HAND2-AS1 (c) and IGF-1 (d) were significantly correlated with poor survival in patients with end-stage DCM.

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  Figure 5.. No interaction between HAND2-AS1 and IGF-1 was observed in AC16 human cardiomyocyte cells. LncRNA HAND2-AS1 and IGF-1 expression in AC16 cells was detected by RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. Expression data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and the Tukey test. LncRNA HAND2-AS1 overexpression failed to alter IGF-1 expression in AC16 cells (a). IGF-1 overexpression also failed to affect lncRNA HAND2-AS1 expression in these cells (b).