The Cymbidium goeringii genome provides insight into organ development and adaptive evolution in orchids

Cymbidium goeringii is one of the important ornamental orchids, but its high-quality genome has not been reported. Here, we reported a chromosome-level genome of C. goeringii and revealed the gene family expansion, and contraction of C. goeringii genome and the regulation mechanism of MADS-box genes in floral organ development. We constructed the pathways of carotenoids and anthocyanins that contributing to the different color flowers of C. goeringii and the metabolic pathways of the main components for flower fragrance. Moreover, we found the genes that regulating colourful leaves and analyzed the resistance genes involved in the adaptive evolution of C. goeringii. Our results provide valuable genomic resources for the improvement of orchids and other ornamental plants.