Wave breaking processes inducing violent transition of wave shapes and internal kinematics are investigated through laboratory experiments using flow visualization techniques, and through numerical computations using the BIM (Boundary Integral Method) for non-breaking waves and the VOF method for breaking waves. The results show the importance of the plunging jet from wave crest into the front face, and clarify the relationships of the jet size to the characteristic values of the resultant large scale deterministic eddies, entrained air bubbles and wave height decay.
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Yasuda et al. (1999) studied this question.
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