Qianjin Baoyun Wan reduces spontaneous abortion and the prothrombotic state in pregnant rats

Background and Aim Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is closely associated with a prothrombotic state (PTS) in the first trimester of pregnancy. Qianjin Baoyun Wan (QBW), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has historically been prescribed to prevent threatened miscarriage and pregnancy-related lumbago, while its efficacy and underlying mechanisms in RSA complicated by PTS remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential pharmacological mechanisms of QBW in a rat model of RSA with PTS. Experimental Procedure Spontaneous abortion was induced in pregnant rats by mifepristone, and PTS was established via epinephrine administration. The therapeutic effects of QBW were assessed by measuring miscarriage rate, uterine contractility, and uterine microcirculation morphology. Coagulation-related parameters (APTT, TT, PT, fibrinogen) were evaluated. Thrombosis-related and pregnancy-related biomarkers were quantified by ELISA. In addition, network pharmacology and network toxicology were employed to predict the potential pharmacodynamic targets and toxicological profiles of QBW. Results and Conclusion QBW reduced miscarriage rates and uterine contractility while improving pregnancy-related biomarkers. It restored uterine microcirculation (capillary density and diameter), prolonged coagulation time, lowered fibrinogen, and restored the balance between antithrombotic factors (e.g., AT-III, 6-keto-PGF 1α ) and prothrombotic factors (e.g., D-dimer, TXB 2 ). Network pharmacology predicted immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant mechanisms underlying its effects against RSA with PTS, though potential signals of hepatic and reproductive organ effects were noted. These findings suggest that QBW may have therapeutic potential for RSA with PTS, although further preclinical and clinical validation is required.