Predicting Type II Diabetes in Persons at Risk

Editorials15 December 1990Predicting Type II Diabetes in Persons at RiskKwame Osei, MDKwame Osei, MDAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-12-905 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptNoninsulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus is characterized by beta-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and hepatic glucose overproduction (1). That its primary etiology remains unknown is ironic, because type II diabetes has strong genetic and familial components. Indeed, in monozygotic twins, the concordance rate for this disease approaches 100% compared with 50% for type I diabetes (2). Further, the cumulative prevalence rate for the disease in the offspring of two diabetic parents ranges between 40% and 60%.The earliest pathologic lesions seen in type II diabetes have been extensively sought over the past three decades. Most previous studies in humans were conducted...References1. Reaven G, Berstein R, Davis B, and Olefsky J. Nonketotic diabetes mellitus: insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Am J Med. 1976;60:80-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Barnett A, Eff C, Leslie R, and Pyke D. Diabetes in identical twins: a study of 200 pairs. Diabetologia. 1981;20:87-93. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Leslie R, Ganash A, Volkman H, Hanning K, and Alberti K. Insensitivity of insulin in offspring of non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. Diab Nutr Metab. 1988;3:235-7. Google Scholar4. Eriksson J, Franssila-Kallunki A, and Ekstrand A. Early metabolic defects in persons at increased risk for noninsulin-dependent diabetes. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:337-43. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Ho L, Chang Z, and Wang J. Insulin insensitivity in offspring of parents with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Med. 1989;7:31-4. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. Osei K. Defective splanchnic glucose regulation in healthy offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res. 1989;12:7-13. MedlineGoogle Scholar7. Haffner S, Stern M, Hazuda H, Mitchell B, and Patterson J. Increased insulin concentrations in nondiabetic offspring of diabetic patients. N Engl J Med. 1988;319:1297-301. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. Warrant J, Martin B, Krolewski A, Soeldner J, and Kahn C. Slow glucose removal rate and hyperinsulinemia precede the development of type II diabetes in the offspring of diabetic parents. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:909-15. LinkGoogle Scholar9. O'Rahilly S, Rudensky A, and Burnett M. Beta-cell dysfunction, rather than insulin insensitivity, is the primary defect in familial type 2 diabetes. Lancet. 1986;1:360-4. CrossrefGoogle Scholar10. Bergman R. Toward physiological understanding of glucose tolerance: minimal-model approach. Diabetes. 1989;38:1512-27. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar11. Temple R, Carrington C, and Luzio S. Insulin deficiency in non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Lancet. 1989;1:293-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. Porte D and Kahn S. Hyperproinsulinemia and amyloid in NIDDM: clues to etiology of B-cell dysfunction? Diabetes. 1989;38:1333-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Kwame Osei, MDAffiliations: The Ohio State University Hospitals Columbus, OH 43210-1296 Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPredicting Glucose Effectiveness in Chinese Participants Using Routine MeasurementsFamily history of diabetes impacts on interactions between minimal model estimates of insulin sensitivity and glucose effectivenessImpaired Insulin Sensitivity, Insulin Secretion, and Glucose Effectiveness Predict Future Development of Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes in Pre-Diabetic African AmericansIs Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1c a Surrogate for Metabolic Syndrome in Nondiabetic, First-Degree Relatives of African-American Patients with Type 2 Diabetes?REGULATION OF ENERGY METABOLISMSyndrome X: A syndrome of insulin resistance. Epidemiological and clinical evidence 15 December 1990Volume 113, Issue 12Page: 905-907KeywordsDiabetes mellitusEtiologyGeneticsGlucoseInsulin resistanceLesionsMonozygotic twinsType 2 diabetes ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 December 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...