In an effort to replicate its experience with Minitel, the first successful mass-market digital information-distribution ecosystem, in 1991 France Telecom launched 101 Online in San Francisco. 101 Online was as massive a failure as Minitel had been a success. This article reveals the previously undocumented history of the 101 Online ecosystem and suggests reasons why it failed where Minitel had succeeded.
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Julien Mailland (2015) studied this question.
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