3D printing of patient-specific 316L–stainless–steel medical implants using fused filament fabrication technology: two veterinary case studies

Patient-specific implants mimic the anatomy of the defective area in a patient; hence, they usually exhibit complex sculptured surfaces. Customized fracture-fixation implants can be produced by conventional manufacturing methods. However, the machining of complex sculptured surfaces of customized implants entails a high cost and is a time-consuming process.