Indigenous response to state colonization in southern Chile

The invasion of indigenous territories by national states in the 19th century produced a forced social and physical re-accommodation of Pehuenche groups, inhabitants of the southern Andes. In a context of cultural homogenisation policies and justifying the territorial appropriation, the 19th century written sources shaped a stereotyped image of Pehuenche. I go beyond the stereotypes by comparing historical and ethnographic information, recognising how Pehuenche responded to and shaped changes