Secure Protocol for Remote Testing Critical Systems Over Public Networks Using Zero-Knowledge Proofs

Essential infrastructure and services depend on critical systems. To ensure that critical systems function properly, regular testing and monitoring are necessary. Establishing direct, dedicated data connections for remote testing can be expensive, while using public cellular, satellite, or fiber Internet connections can introduce privacy and security risks. Securing the medium often requires placing trust in third parties. The novel proposal introduced in this work suggests using zero-knowledge proofs, a modern cryptographic technique, to conduct secure remote testing and monitoring of critical systems over affordable public networks, which can include email or instant messaging apps. This approach guarantees both the integrity and confidentiality of the transmitted data, as well as the integrity of the processes involved in preparing the data for transmission. We will present this approach and demonstrate its implementation through a real-world use case: the remote testing of an electronic railway interlocking system.