Multi-parameter dependence evaluation of the fractional thermal load in Nd:YVO4 crystals based on end-surface temperature fitting acquired via an infrared camera

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This paper proposes a method to evaluate the multi-parameter dependence of the fractional thermal load η of Nd:YVO 4 crystals. By fitting the crystal surface temperature distribution obtained via an infrared camera, this method allows for the accurate assessment of the fractional thermal load η . Theoretically, a comprehensive three-dimensional numerical model for calculating the η parameter was established by combining rate equations with angular-spectrum beam-propagation theory. Systematic research was conducted to explore the impacts of absorbed pump power, pump wavelength, doping concentration, and signal power on the η parameter. The results show that employing low-doped crystals with 914 nm pumping is beneficial for reducing the η parameter of the laser during operation. Additionally, the variation trend forecasted by numerical calculations is largely consistent with the experimental data.