We show that magnetoelectric (ME) laminate composites have characteristics of a previously conjectured, but unfound, fifth network circuit element—the Tellegen gyrator. Our findings establish that ME laminate composites (i) are nonreciprocal electrical elements, (ii) have significant nondissipative I-V conversion near a resonance frequency, and (iii) act like a unidirectional gyrator, i.e., an ideal Tellegen gyrator connected with a capacitor on one side and an inductor on the other.
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Zhai et al. (2006) studied this question.
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