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The force and torque of generalized dielectrophoresis, including conventional dielectrophoresis, electrorotation, and travelling wave dielectrophoresis, depend on the real and imaginary parts of the Clausius-Mossotti factor, Kr and Ki, which are unknown for biological cells, yet seldom measured in the literature. Methods are proposed and validated for measuring Kr and Ki of spherical particles, based on the force balances in an approximate radial and a travelling wave electric field, respectively, inside designed micro channels. The methods were demonstrated by measuring Kr and Ki spectra of three human cancer cells, which also provide quantitative results for cell manipulation and characterization.
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Lo et al. (2014) studied this question.
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