Key result
Novel DCT method reconstructs ECG waveforms from PPG signals with ~0.92 correlation accuracy.
Why the study?
The relation between ECG and PPG signals and the ability to infer ECG waveform from PPG signals obtained from affordable wearable IoT devices was studied to enable low-cost ECG screening.
Can ECG waveforms be accurately reconstructed from PPG signals using a transform mapping of DCT coefficients?
Can ECG waveforms be accurately reconstructed from PPG signals using a transform mapping of DCT coefficients?
A novel signal processing method can accurately reconstruct ECG waveforms from PPG signals, potentially enabling low-cost ECG screening from wearable devices.
This paper studies the relation between electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) and infers the waveform of ECG via the PPG signals that can be obtained from affordable wearable Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices for mobile health. In order to address this inverse problem, a transform is proposed to map the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of each PPG cycle to those of the corresponding ECG cycle based on our proposed cardiovascular signal model. The proposed method is evaluated with different morphologies of the PPG and ECG signals on three benchmark datasets with a variety of combinations of age, weight, and health conditions using different training setups. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve a high prediction accuracy greater than 0.92 in averaged correlation for each dataset when the model is trained subject-wise. With a signal processing and learning system that is designed synergistically, we are able to reconstruct ECG signals by exploiting the relation of these two types of cardiovascular measurement. The reconstruction capability of the proposed method can enable low-cost ECG screening from affordable wearable IoT devices for continuous and long-term monitoring. This work may open up a new research direction to transfer the understanding of the clinical ECG knowledge base to build a knowledge base for PPG and data from wearable devices.
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Zhu et al. (2019) studied Cardiovascular monitoring (n=147). ECG waveform reconstruction from PPG using a DCT-domain linear transform vs. Reference ECG was evaluated on Prediction accuracy (Pearson's correlation coefficient between reconstructed and reference ECG). The proposed discrete cosine transform-based method achieved a high prediction accuracy greater than 0.92 in averaged correlation for reconstructing ECG waveforms from PPG signals when trained subject-wise.
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