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Despite the clinical promise of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), its therapeutic performance in prostate cancer remains suboptimal due to membrane repair‐associated resistance and insufficient immune engagement. Herein, a programmable‐responsive cell‐resident micelle (PBAM) is engineered to integrate BAPTA (a calcium chelator), anti‐PD‐L1 antibody, and prochlorperazine (PCZ)/β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complexes within a pH/granzyme B (GzmB)‐dual‐responsive system, enabling spatiotemporally coordinated multidrug release for integrated anti‐PD‐L1 immunotherapy. PBAM selectively accumulates in tumors and undergoes acid‐triggered PCZ release, suppressing PI3K/Akt signaling and reducing endocytic uptake to maintain tumor cell surface anchoring. Upon ICB‐mediated immune activation, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) secrete granzyme and perforin to induce tumor cell apoptosis while triggering GzmB‐responsive micellar degradation for BAPTA release, thereby disrupting Ca 2+ ‐dependent membrane repair and sensitizing tumor cells to CTL‐mediated cytotoxicity. This spatiotemporally coordinated cascade reinforces PD‐1/PD‐L1 blockade to overcome immune resistance, thereby restoring antitumor immunity and enhancing memory‐associated T‐cell responses, ultimately constraining tumor progression and recurrence.
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Huang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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