On the Meaning of Temperature and Pressure in Statistical Mechanics

The understanding of concept often depends on the standpoint and perspective from which we approach it. In thermodynamics, temperature and pressure are understood through molecular kinetic theory; in statistical mechanics, however, they can be understood differently. This paper attempts to clarify the statistical meaning of temperature and pressure from the perspective of statistical mechanics. It also discusses new interpretations of several familiar macroscopic physical phenomena. These interpretations appear more concise and direct than those given from a dynamical perspective.