Functional Equifinality and Substrate Neutrality in Constraint-Bound Execution

This paper presents a formal framework evaluating decision systems operating under strict non-violation constraints. This study analyzes a normative thought experiment where two structurally distinct agents or components—designated as B and C—achieve an identical target outcome (X₁) while strictly avoiding bounded risk parameters (H, representing hazard/harm) and systemic constraints (R, representing noise/redundancy). Through this model, this manuscript addresses the fundamental question of whether primary ontological significance resides in agent identity and operational mechanics ("Who" and "How") or in constraint-satisfying outcome generation ("Action" + "Result"). This study demonstrates that within functional engineering, decision theory, and safety alignment, outcome fulfillment under non-violation bounds establishes Substrate Neutrality. Consequently, the execution of action paired with zero-collateral output holds primary structural validity, rendering the agent-identity distinction secondary.