BIM-Based Property Model for Integration with MG/MC Systems in Earthwork Operations: Simulation-Based Validation of Applicability

BIM is being used more frequently in civil construction projects, while its application to machine guidance and machine control (MG/MC) has been relatively limited. In current data exchange, surface models do not contain the process-level information that is necessary for construction machinery use. This research presents a property-based BIM model for earthwork automation. The proposed model classifies attributes into three groups: shape, work process, and quality/safety attributes, and develops an extended LandXML schema for exchanging working face data. A JSON Schema-based validator was developed and tested for road, drainage, and grading models. The validator detected missing or inconsistent attributes in milliseconds, thus validating the technical feasibility and scalability of the pproach. This research allows BIM to transfer property-level model data in a form that can directly support MG/MC operations and data exchange with construction equipment. It also provides a technique for integrating BIM and construction equipment, reducing reliance on manual data conversion, operator interpretation, and repeated data input. Although tested only in simulation, the proposed model promotes digital continuity in earthwork and provides a foundation for future deployment and standardization.