Abdominal semizlik metabolik sindromning asosiy komponenti sifatida

Abdominal obesity is recognized as one of the most important components of metabolic syndrome and a major risk factor for numerous metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Excessive accumulation of visceral adipose tissue contributes to the development of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, impaired glucose metabolism, and chronic low-grade inflammation. This article reviews current scientific concepts regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical significance, diagnosis, and management of abdominal obesity. Particular attention is given to the role of visceral fat as an active endocrine organ that produces various adipokines and inflammatory mediators influencing metabolic homeostasis. Recent evidence indicates that abdominal obesity is more strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk than general obesity and serves as a central mechanism in the development of metabolic syndrome. Early identification through anthropometric assessment and appropriate preventive measures may significantly reduce the burden of obesity-related complications. Lifestyle modification remains the cornerstone of treatment, while pharmacological and surgical interventions may be considered in selected cases. Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of abdominal obesity is essential for improving prevention and treatment strategies.