Gallbladder perforation associated with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis in a dog

A four-year-old female Japanese akita was admitted with icterus, ascites and chronically elevated serum bilirubin and liver enzymes. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a diffusely thickened, hyperechoic gallbladder wall with a focal defect, hepatic lymphadenopathy and a large volume of anechoic fluid within the peritoneal space. Diagnosis of biliary tract rupture with bile peritonitis was based on the findings of bile and suppurative exudate in peritoneal aspirates. A perforated gallbladder and cholelithiasis were found on exploratory celiotomy, while histopathology revealed chronic suppurative cholecystitis. The dog recovered uneventfully after cholecystectomy. Although rare, the triad of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and gallbladder perforation should be considered after detection of one of these conditions.