An empirical investigation into the well-being of unaccompanied male minors in institutional care: implications for social work practice in Türkiye

This research seeks to examine the sociocultural attributes and support systems associated with unaccompanied male minors, aiming to explore how these aspects are associated with their overall well-being in institutional care settings in Türkiye. The study aims to provide scientifically grounded solutions for enhancing the welfare of these children. A quantitative relational screening model was employed to identify and correlate the variables impacting the well-being of unaccompanied male minors. Data were gathered from 133 Arabic- and Farsi-speaking male minors aged 13–18 who were in institutional care in Türkiye. Data were collected through interviews using the researcher-developed interview form and the WHO-5 Well-being Scale. The study found that the children’s educational status and proficiency in Turkish were significantly associated with their well-being. A substantial sense of loneliness and exclusion was evident among these minors. However, children who could freely share their concerns and emotions with their families, friends, and institutional staff exhibited higher levels of well-being. Based on the findings, micro-, mezzo-, and macro-level recommendations are provided. Crucially, these children require holistic preparation for life after institutional care. Alternative policies focusing on education, employment, and the enhancement of professionals’ cultural competence are essential to improve existing service models. Finally, future research should include female participants, children under 13, and those in alternative care settings to address the structural limitations of the present study.