Metal–organic frameworks as programmable oxide precursors for next-generation ODS alloys

Oxide–dispersion–strengthened (ODS) alloys rely on stable nanoscale oxides, yet current incorporation routes are costly and chemically inflexible. Here, we demonstrate a proof–of–concept approach in which metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) act as programable precursors for generating oxide dispersions directly within metals. Blending a Zr–MOF(UiO–66–NH2) with Al powder and applying two–step sintering yields in situ vacancy–ordered cubic ZrO2 without requiring Y. The resulting Al–Zr–MOF ODS compact achieves a ∼30% hardness increase over pure Al. This proof–of–concept establishes a critical–mineral–free ODS pathway and opens a new research direction where purpose–built, programable MOFs can architect next–generation dispersions for advanced alloys and composites.Impact statement Demonstrating MOFs as programable in–situ precursors, this study establishes a new paradigm for engineering tailored metal–compound architectures within metals, enabling breakthroughs in designing and fabricating structural materials for extreme environments.