Intelligent integration in agricultural insect management equipment: applications, challenges, and future directions

As the most biodiverse group on Earth, agricultural insects have a significant impact on food security and daily life. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the applications, innovations, and future development directions of insect management devices from both hardware and software perspectives. Regarding intelligent software integration, the paper reviews key technologies in entomological research, focusing on agricultural insect detection, classification, monitoring, and phenotypic analysis. These technologies utilize image processing and computer vision techniques to achieve pest control in agricultural environments. This paper reviews the latest advancements in insect management methodologies over the past five years, with particular emphasis on their applications in insect population management and visualization. Regarding intelligent hardware integration, the paper introduces data collection devices specifically designed for insects, as well as novel field-based pest monitoring and management equipment, and elaborates on the working mechanisms and applicable scenarios of representative new equipment. Furthermore, this review categorizes and discusses the advantages and challenges of various types of insect management equipment. Finally, through a comprehensive literature analysis, this paper identifies future research directions, such as applying cutting-edge multimodal fusion technologies and large language model to pest management tasks. The findings of this review will serve as a reference for researchers and agricultural technicians developing advanced pest management models and equipment.