Key result
Waist-to-height ratio best predicts critical visceral adipocyte hypertrophy with an optimal cutoff of 0.51.
Why the study?
Adipocyte hypertrophy is an indicator of adipose tissue dysfunction preceding obesity comorbidities, but relationships between adiposity indicators, cardiometabolic parameters, and adipocyte size in premenopausal women are not fully characterized.
Cross-Sectional (n=50)
Yes
Waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage are strong anthropometric predictors of visceral adipocyte hypertrophy in premenopausal women, providing simple clinical cut-offs for assessing adipose tissue dysfunction.
Waist-to-height ratio ≥0.51 and body fat ≥39.65% may flag critical visceral adipocyte hypertrophy in women; leaves open prospective outcome validation.
Background and aim: Adipocyte hypertrophy is an indicator of adipose tissue dysfunction that precedes the development of obesity comorbidities. The aim of this study was to analyze relationship between adiposity indicators, cardiometabolic parameters and the size of abdominal adipocytes in premenopausal women, and to develop cut-off levels for anthropometric indicators based on the critical size (100 μm) of visceral adipocytes. Methods: Study group consisted of 50 premenopausal women aged 42.88±7.17y. Subcutaneous and visceral (omental) adipose tissue samples were taken during laparotomy, and adipocyte size was analysed. Prior surgery all subjects underwent body composition analysis, anthropometric mesurements, and cardiometabolic risk assessment. Results: The size of subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes correlated significantly with all indicators of overall and regional adiposity, except thigh skinfold thickness, proximal and distal thigh circumferences. Indicators of upper body adiposity had better correlation with the size of visceral adipocytes comparing to subcutaneous adipocytes. Blood pressure and leptin levels had stronger correlation with the size of subcutaneous, while tryglicerides, HDL-cholesterol, uric acid, glycaemia and HOMA showed better correlation with the size of visceral adipocytes. After adjustment for overall and regional adiposity significant correlation only remained between subcutaneous adipocyte size and diastolic blood pressure (r=352, p<0.05) and visceral adipocyte size and glycaemia (r=0.346, p<0.05), while correlation between LDL-cholesterol and size of visceral adipocytes became significant (r=0.294, p<0.05). Among all anthropometric parameters highest predictive ability for critical size of visceral adipocytes showed waist-to-height ratio and body fat percent (AUC: 0.879 and 0.878, respectively). Specific cut-off values were obtained for following anthropometric parameters: waist-to-height ratio (0.51), body fat (39.65%), sagittal abdominal diameter-to-height ratio (0.16), waist-to-tight ratio (1.48), abdominal skinfold thickness (41.60 mm), abdominal diameter index (0.58), waist circumference (86.90 cm), waist-to-hip ratio (0.85), conicity index (1.19), trunk fat (34.00%), sagittal abdominal diameter (26.25 cm) and chest skinfold thickness (28.20 mm). Conclusions: These results imply to a fine interplay between cellular-to-whole body level morphology and functionality.
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Galic et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Premenopausal women undergoing elective surgery (n=50). Anthropometric indicators of adiposity (e.g., waist-to-height ratio, body fat percentage) was evaluated on Predictive ability of waist-to-height ratio for critical size (≥100 μm) of visceral adipocytes (AUC 0.879, 95% CI 0.780-0.977, p=<0.001). Waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage demonstrated the highest predictive ability for critical visceral adipocyte hypertrophy (≥100 μm), with optimal cut-offs of 0.51 and 39.65%, respectively.
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