Medium-Term Cognitive Outcome in Patients With CNS Lymphomas Treated With Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has demonstrated promising efficacy results in CNS lymphomas, with reassuring rates of acute neurotoxicity. However, the neurologic outcome of these brain-injured patients remains unknown beyond the short term. Our objective was to report on the medium-term neurocognitive evolution. METHODS: tests to compare follow-up values of neurocognitive variables with their baseline values. The primary outcome was the difference in Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores between baseline and M12. Scores addressing memory, executive functions, visuo-spatial functions, and anxiety/depression were stable or improved, although not significantly. DISCUSSION: Midterm neurocognition follow-up in patients with CNS lymphoma treated by CAR T cells seems reassuring, with no significant cognitive worsening, and even an improvement in general cognitive functioning, even in patients who experienced severe acute neurotoxicity. These results should be confirmed with longer follow-up.