Magma, the molten material within the Earth, cannot be studied directly. Laboratory experiments under high pressure and temperature conditions can help to determine the thermodynamic behavior of the minerals in magma, but even this approach has limitations. The software MELTS can simulate magma's behavior with even more versatility. In this review, Gaetani discusses the strengths and weaknesses of this program.
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G. A. Gaetani (1998) studied this question.
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