Health Belief Model-Based Education through Telegram Instant Messaging Services on Diabetic Self-Care

Messaging Services on Diabetic Self-Care [1] Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030 [2] Diabetes Atlas [3] Iran diabetes research roadmap (IDRR) study: A preliminary study on diabetes research in the world and Iran [4] A review of eHealth interventions for physical activity and dietary behavior change [5] Diabetes app-related text messages from health care professionals in conjunction with a new wireless glucose meter with a color range indicator improves glycemic control in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: Randomized controlled trial [6] Self care behavior among patients with diabetes in Harari, Eastern Ethiopia: The health belief model perspective [7] The effects of education based on extended health belief model in type 2 diabetic patients: A randomized controlled trial [8] Cost-effectiveness of a short message service intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes from impaired glucose tolerance [9] Mobile phone-based video messages for diabetes self-care support [10] The effect of instructional designed SMS based on Health Belief Model (HBM) on adoption of self-care behavior of patients with type II diabetes [11] Effect of distance education via short message service of mobile phones on self-efficacy and HbA1C of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [12] The effect of health belief model-based education through telegram instant messaging services on Pap smear performance [13] Evaluation of the effects of education based on health belief model on medication adherence in diabetic patients [14] The role of health beliefs in preventive behaviors of individuals at high-risk of type2 diabetes mellitus [15] Effects of education based on health belief model on dietary adherence in diabetic patients [16] The effect of educational program based on health belief model on diabetic foot care [17] Effect of education program based on empowerment model in promoting self-care among type 2 diabetic patients in Isfahan Aims Today, Mobile Health interventions as a group of Electronic Health interventions used to provide health information and improve health outcomes.The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Health Belief Model-based (HBM) education on self-care in diabetic patient via Telegram, among participants. Materials & MethodsThis quasi-experimental study was done from Jun 2016 to September 2017 in the health centers of Tabriz.Out of 20 health complexes in Tabriz, randomized (stepwise sampling) 5 complex selected.Then from each complex, 2 health center was selected randomly.With randomly sampling method, 68 patients with diabetes were selected (34 participants in the intervention group and 34 participants in the control group).In intervention group, educational text messages based on HBM was sent via Telegram during one month regularly.Three months later, both Intervention and control group completed researchermade questionnaires by self-report.The data were analyzed by Chi-square test, paired t-test, Pearson's test and SPSS 19 software.Findings There was no significant difference in several demographic characteristics between two groups.Comparison of the mean difference of knowledge and in HBM constructs before of intervention in the groups showed no significant difference (p>0.05).There was a significant mean difference in the HBM constructs between two groups after intervention (p<0.05).There were significant correlations between the HBM constructs (p<0.05).Conclusion Educational messages improve the perception constructs of HBM constructs for adopting self-care behaviors.