Executive function during exercise is diminished by prolonged cognitive effort in men

Figures

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  Figure 1. The psychological parameters. (A) State mental fatigue, concentration, motivation, and comfort immediately after a 50-min resting period with (pCLRest; blue) and without (Rest; gray) prolonged cognitive load (pCL). (B) Those psychological parameters immediately after a 50-min exercise period with (pCLEX; green) and without (EX; orange) pCL. Raincloud plots showing the distribution of each psychological parameters assessing visual analog scale (VAS). Circle plots represent individual data, and box-and-whisker plots are median (IQR and max/min). ES; Effect size.

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  Figure 2. The arousal and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Raincloud plots showing the distribution of arousal and RPE. Circle plots represent individual data, and box-and-whisker plots are median (IQR and max/min).

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  Figure 3. The reaction time (RT) of colour-word Stroop task (CWST) during the last 5 min of Rest (gray) and pCLRest (blue) conditions. Raincloud plots showing the distribution of RT data. Circle plots represent individual data, and box-and-whisker plots are median (IQR and max/min). The upper illustrations are the averaged data during 5-min collection, while the lower illustrations are the SD during 5-min data collection.

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  Figure 4. RT of CWST during the last 5 min of EX (orange) and pCLEX (green) conditions. Raincloud plots showing the distribution of RT data. Circle plots represent individual data, and box-and-whisker plots are median (IQR and max/min). The left side illustrations are the averaged data during 5-min collection, while the lower illustrations are the SD during 5-min data collection.

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  Figure 5. The reverse-Stroop interference score during the last 5 min of interventions. Raincloud plots showing the distribution of reverse-Stroop interference score. Circle plots represent individual data, and box-and-whisker plots are median (IQR and max/min).

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  Figure 6. Repeated measures correlations (rmcorr) between the reverse-Stroop interference score and arousal in response to EX and pCLEX conditions. Circle plots represent individual data, and lines show the rmcorr coefficient (rrm) fit for the participants. Same colour represent data from the same participants.

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  Figure 7. Schematic representation of the experimental design.