Brain MR Radiomics to Differentiate Cognitive Disorders

OBJECTIVE: Subtle and gradual changes occur in the brain years before cognitive impairment due to age-related neurodegenerative disorders. The authors examined the utility of hippocampal texture analysis and volumetric features extracted from brain magnetic resonance (MR) data to differentiate between three cognitive groups (cognitively normal individuals, individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease) and neuropsychological scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. A variety of texture and volumetric features were extracted from bilateral hippocampal regions and were used to perform binary classification of cognitive groups and CDR scores. The authors used diagonal quadratic discriminant analysis in a leave-one-out cross-validation scheme. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were used to assess the performance of models. RESULTS: The results show promise for hippocampal texture analysis to distinguish between no impairment and early stages of impairment. Volumetric features were more successful at differentiating between no impairment and advanced stages of impairment. CONCLUSIONS: MR radiomics may be a promising tool to classify various cognitive groups.