Based on our experience with two large groups of fire victims injured in a semiclosed environment, the clinical course of the survivors, and the pathologic examination of those who died, a modified classification of pulmonary burns into thermal burns and chemical burns is suggested. The results of our study indicate a close relationship between carbon monoxide poisoning and chemical intoxication in patients injured in a relatively closed environment. The clinical course and prognosis of patients suffering from a thermal pulmonary burn are different from that of a chemical pulmonary burn.
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Chi-Shing Chu (1981) studied this question.