Root Canal Obturation Quality in 3D-Printed C-Shaped Canals with Different Filling Techniques

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the quality of canal obturation in 3D-printed C-shaped canals using Micro-CT and dye penetration with different filling techniques. Methodology: Sixty 3D-printed teeth with C-shaped canals were obturated using: AH Plus with continuous wave (AHCW), iRoot SP with single cone (SPSC) and iRoot SP with continuous wave (SPCW). Micro-CT was used for 3D reconstruction in two regions: 0~8 mm (overall canal) and 0~3 mm (apical segment). The volume of voids (V1) and total canal volume (V) were used to calculate porosity as (V1/V) × 100%. Sealing quality was assessed by dye penetration. Results: Results showed that AHCW exhibited significantly lower porosity within 8 mm (5.17%) compared to SPSC (9.02%) and SPCW (8.55%), (P < 05). No significant porosity differences were observed within 3 mm or in dye penetration. Conclusion: AHCW achieved better obturation in the middle and upper segments, with no significant differences among techniques in the apical segment.