American leishmaniasis is a specific granuloma affecting the skin and mucous membrane, caused by Leishmania braziliensis. It is a proteiform disease with numerous clinical forms. The descriptive terms used to identify its clinical types, such as frambesiform, chromoblastomicoid, pyodermoid, syphiloid, sporotrichoid, epitheliomatoid, etc., give an idea of the problems often encountered in its differential diagnosis. The clinical form which is the object of this presentation has been observed recently, and it is characterized by the appearance and extension of the process. It is manifested by macules, papules, nodules, diffuse infiltration, and plaques, which may affect practically the whole cutaneous surface of the patient. It is also characterized by the presence of abundance of parasites, anergy, extreme chronicity, and resistance to therapy. The first case of this unusual type of American leishmaniasis was reported by Dr. Luis Prado Barrientos1of Bolivia in
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J Convit (1957) studied this question.