Geomorphic Imprints of Coseismic Uplift: Knickpoints and Landslides on the Noto Peninsula, Japan

Coseismic uplift can profoundly reshape landscapes, but the extent to which its spatial pattern is preserved in river profiles and hillslope morphology remains uncertain. Knickpoints and slow‐moving landslides may provide complementary geomorphic information regarding episodic vertical and horizontal ground deformation. We examined the relationships between these landforms and the surface‐displacement field of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake (Mw 7.5), Japan, using high‐resolution topographic and displacement datasets. Knickpoint density tended to increase in watersheds characterised by relatively large and spatially uniform vertical uplift during the 2024 earthquake. River‐profile morphology, along with marine‐terrace chronology, also suggested long‐term fluvial adjustment to repeated coastal uplift and relative base‐level lowering. Both slow‐moving landslides triggered by the 2024 earthquake and historical slow‐moving landslides were concentrated in areas of relatively large coseismic horizontal displacement during the 2024 event. This spatial overlap raises the possibility that repeated earthquakes have contributed to the reactivation and continued deformation of pre‐existing landslides in these areas. Taken together, knickpoints and slow‐moving landslides provide complementary geomorphic information regarding the vertical and horizontal components of repeated coseismic deformation. Linking these persistent landforms with the well‐resolved deformation field from the 2024 earthquake provides a framework for connecting individual seismic events with cumulative landscape adjustment in tectonically active coastal regions.