A continuing challenge for pediatric neuroimaging is to unravel the multiple mechanisms that drive developmental change in brain activity. In this commentary, we consider some of the changes in neural and cognitive processes, occurring over multiple timescales, that may underlie cross‐sectional or longitudinal shifts in BOLD fMRI activation, such as those observed by Durston, Davidson, Tottenham, Galvan, Spicer, Fosella and Casey (this issue).
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Dick et al. (2005) studied this question.
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