Key result
Early repolarization pattern linked to ~5-fold higher VF risk in vasospastic angina.
Why the study?
The detailed characteristics and prognostic value of the early repolarization pattern for ventricular fibrillation in patients with vasospastic angina remain unclear.
Meta-Analysis (n=1,761)
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May support closer VF monitoring in vasospastic angina; leaves open prospective validation before changing practice.
BACKGROUND: An early repolarization (ER) pattern is a risk factor for ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with vasospastic angina (VSA) caused by a coronary artery spasm. However, its detailed characteristics and prognostic value for VF remain unclear. Thus, we investigated the relationship between ER and VF in patients with VSA. HYPOTHESIS: The ER pattern is associated with VF in patients with VSA. METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for eligible studies published between January 2011 and December 2020; 8 studies with 1761 patients were included in the final analysis. RESULTS: The ER pattern significantly predicted adverse cardiovascular events (ACEs) and VF (odds ratio [OR] = 5.13, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 3.16-8.35, p < .00001 and OR = 5.20, 95% CI: 3.05-8.87, p < .00001). The presence of ER in the inferior leads increased the VF risk (OR = 7.80, 95% CI: 4.04-15.05, p < .00001), regardless of the J-point morphology or type of ST-segment elevation in the ER pattern. A horizontal/descending ST-segment elevation was significantly associated with VF in patients with or without an ER pattern during a coronary spasm (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.07-4.88, p = .03). However, obstructive coronary artery disease was unrelated to the ER pattern (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.27-2.53, p = .73). CONCLUSIONS: An ER pattern is significantly associated with an increased risk of ACE in patients with VSA. An inferior ER pattern with horizontal/descending ST-segment elevation confers the highest risk for VF during VSA onset. Nevertheless, the ER pattern is not associated with obstructive coronary artery disease.
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Wang et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis in Vasospastic angina (n=1,761). Early repolarization (ER) pattern vs. Without early repolarization pattern was evaluated on Ventricular fibrillation (OR 5.20, 95% CI 3.05-8.87, p=<0.00001). The presence of an early repolarization pattern in patients with vasospastic angina was associated with a more than 5-fold increased risk of ventricular fibrillation (OR 5.20).
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