Key result
Pediatric sickle cell disease is linked to ~36% lower FMD vs healthy controls.
Why the study?
Endothelial-dependent vasodilation impairment has been demonstrated in adults with sickle cell anemia, but its presence in children was unclear.
Case-Control (n=45)
Absolute Event Rate: 5.4% vs 8.4%
p-value: p=0.003
May signal early cardiovascular risk in pediatric sickle cell disease; leaves open prognostic value and need for prospective validation.
Impairment of endothelial-dependent vasodilation has been demonstrated in adults with sickle cell anemia (SCA). We enrolled 21 SCA children, mean age 10.4+/-3.3 yrs, and 23 Afro-Caribbean controls. We examined flow-mediated (FMD) and nitroglycerine-mediated (GTNMD) dilation of the brachial artery, using echotracking techniques, and measured intima-media thickness (IMT) and mechanical properties of the common carotid artery. FMD was significantly decreased in SCA children vs controls (5.6+/-0.2 vs 8.0+/-0.2%, p=0.008), while IMT, stiffness of the common carotid artery, and GTNMD were comparable. In conclusion, endothelial dysfunction is present as early as childhood in SCA patients.
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Montalembert et al. (2007) conducted a case-control in Sickle cell disease (n=45). Sickle cell disease vs. Healthy matched controls was evaluated on Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) (p=0.003). Flow-mediated vasodilation was significantly decreased in children with sickle cell disease compared to healthy controls (5.4% vs 8.4%, p=0.003), indicating early endothelial dysfunction.
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