Effect of Internal Structure and Burial Environmental Conditions on Egyptian Netted Faience Beads Degradation

This study aims to identifying the faience beads that were used on archaeological mummies by identifying damage that appear on these beads, studying the surface changes and appear-ance of these beads, as well as identifying their chemical composition of the martial beads, used in its manufacture and the chemical changes that have occurred over time by using examination methods. also, the properties of samples of faience were examined using a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) attached with EDX, USB Digital Microscope, X-Ray diffraction and Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) analysis. Also, one of the objectives is to explore how the materials and techniques used in the manufacture of faience affect its deterioration. Moreover, since the cracks indicate the crystallization of soluble salts, this research is confirming the attendance of soluble salts. Also, by reviewing the FTIR spectrum it was found that they were consistent with the results of XRD and EDX examines.