Key result
Transvenous pacing leads are linked to severe cranial vena caval and intracardiac thrombosis in dogs.
Why the study?
Cranial vena caval thrombosis associated with transvenous endocardial pacing leads in dogs is a recognized cause of significant morbidity and mortality but is poorly characterized.
Case Report (n=3)
May warrant caution with transvenous pacing leads in dogs; leaves open optimal strategies for prospective evaluation.
Three dogs were examined several years following implantation of transvenous, single-lead, endocardial, right-ventricular permanent pacing systems for signs consistent with cranial vena caval syndrome. Angiograms performed in all dogs revealed filling defects within the cranial vena cava and, in some instances, intracardiac filling defects. Medical therapy was instituted in two dogs, with one surviving several weeks. One dog underwent surgery to address intra-cardiac thrombosis but did not survive the immediate postoperative period. Postmortem examinations were performed in two dogs and confirmed cranial vena caval and intracardiac thrombosis. Cranial vena caval thrombosis associated with transvenous pacing leads appears to carry significant morbidity and mortality.
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O’Sullivan et al. (2010) conducted a case report in Cranial vena caval thrombosis (n=3). Transvenous endocardial pacing leads was evaluated on Development of cranial vena caval and intracardiac thrombosis. Transvenous endocardial pacing leads were associated with the development of cranial vena caval and intracardiac thrombosis, which resulted in significant morbidity and mortality in three dogs.
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