Adaptability and Stability of Bean Genotypes at Different Temperatures

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a crop of great food importance in Brazil, with its productivity strongly influenced by environmental factors, especially temperature. This study aimed to evaluate the adaptability and stability of bean genotypes subjected to different temperatures during germination and early seedling growth. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme (genotypes × temperatures), with four replications. Five genotypes were evaluated under three temperature conditions (15, 25, and 35 °C), analyzing variables such as germination, first germination count, and seedling dry mass. The results showed that 25 °C was the most favorable temperature for seed physiological performance, while 15 °C was unfavorable. The temperature of 35 °C showed intermediate effects and was less harmful than low temperature. Differences among genotypes were observed regarding adaptability and stability, highlighting those with lower deviation and higher confidence index. It is concluded that high temperatures are less detrimental than low temperatures for the evaluated genotypes, and the selection of suitable genotypes is essential to improve performance under stress conditions.