Solubility and Dissolution Enhancement: Technologies and Research Emerged

Solubility is the phenomenon of dissolution of solid in liquid phase to give a homogenous system.Solubility is one of the important parameter to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for pharmacological response to be shown.About 40 % drugs from newly developed chemical entities are lipophilic and fail to reach market due to their poor water solubility.The solubility behavior of drugs remains one of the most challenging aspects in formulation development.The bioavailability of an orally administration drug depends on its solubility in aqueous media over different pH ranges.The insufficient dissolution rate of the drug is the limiting factor in the oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble compounds.Most of drugs are weakly acidic and weakly basic with poor aqueous solubility.Various techniques are used for the improvement of aqueous solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs include micronization, chemical modification, pH adjustment, solid dispersion, nanosuspension, superdisintegrant, liquisolid technique, complexation, co-solvency, micellar solubilization, hydrotrophy etc.The purpose of this review article is to describe the techniques of solubilizaton and research materialized for the attainment of effective absorption and improved bioavailability.