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This short note carries forward a wish expressed in Public Administration Revisited: Government as a Paradigmatic State. I originally intended to test the hypotheses empirically rather than merely present them. However, errors occurred, including ChatGPT becoming unresponsive, and I shifted to presenting the hypotheses. The hypotheses below arose directly, indirectly, or even independently from my basic questions, without any updating on discussions in public administration. I hope that anyone who finds one worth investigating will take it up and upload the results to an open platform. Academic information has increasingly become a paid commodity. If we have received something, I hope we will give as much back to others. It is about giving back, emphatically, rather than simply sharing
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Younghoon Choi (2026) studied this question.
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