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Both wear and fatigue are damage mechanisms of fretting phenomenon. Plasticity affects contact pressure of the fretting specimen. Hence, it is necessary to account for the contribution of plasticity in the study of fretting. First, the numerical model based on the finite element method is established and validated by the experiment. Then, the effect of fretting wear on fretting fatigue considering plasticity is investigated. It is shown that wear changes the crack initiation position. The crack initiation site gradually shifts toward the trailing edge with the increase of maximum bulk stress. Under the gross slip condition with significant plastic deformation, although wear can improve the fatigue crack initiation life, this beneficial effect is limited. Consequently, fretting fatigue rather than fretting wear is the primary fretting damage mechanism.
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Huayang Zhang (2026) studied this question.
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