Ergonomic and physical hazard exposure and musculoskeletal pain among construction workers: focusing on cumulative daily exposure time

OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional secondary analysis quantified daily exposure times among construction workers, examined differences by musculoskeletal pain status and identified factors associated with exposure. METHODS: tests with Bonferroni correction and logistic regression were conducted, with exposure categorized as <2, 2-4 and ≥ 4 h/day. RESULTS: 1.848, 95% CI [1.152, 2.965]). Age 50 years and weekly working >40 h increased odds of pain. CONCLUSIONS: Longer daily exposure times were associated with increased odds of musculoskeletal pain, supporting the need for cumulative exposure monitoring and time-based preventive strategies.