X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) were utilized to characterize a surface-attached rotaxane on Au(111). Monolayers were prepared from an anthracene-stoppered thiol thread, a pseudorotaxane obtained by mixing the thiol with dibenzo-24-crown-8 and a disulfide-containing [3]rotaxane. XAS and XPS showed clear distinctions between the monolayers, allowing identification of spectral contributions from the separate components of the surface-attached rotaxane. Spectroscopic data clearly showed that only the [3]rotaxane gave the desired gold-bound interlocking molecule.
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Vance et al. (2002) studied this question.
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