Intelligent optimization of hybrid energy storage systems for decarbonized power grids: A review

Hybrid energy storage, widely used in decarbonized power grid systems, plays a vital role in storing energy for use during peak demand and nighttime periods, especially when integrated with hybrid renewable systems. However, a key challenge remains in determining which storage technologies should be selected and how intelligent optimization can be effectively incorporated into hybrid energy storage for decarbonized grids. This study presents a comprehensive review of recent progress in intelligent optimization applied to hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) within decarbonized power networks. The review adopts a structured methodology to analyze current literature on HESS, classifying studies according to the storage technologies used, the hybrid configurations considered, and the intelligent optimization techniques implemented. Most existing research has examined hybrid renewable systems, energy storage technologies, or optimization methods separately, without addressing them in a unified framework. In contrast, this work brings together energy storage optimization and advanced AI techniques within hybrid renewable energy storage, providing an integrated perspective that has not been fully explored in previous reviews.